Printing technology that clothing design needs to know
Water slurry printing process
It is one of the most basic printing processes in the screen printing industry. Its working principle is similar to dyeing. The difference is that it "dyes" a certain area of the fabric into the color required for the flower position.
The advantage is that it can be printed on almost all light-colored fabrics. It is widely used. The pattern fastness is very good and it can print with good results at a relatively low price. The limitation is that it cannot be used on all dark-colored fabrics. .
Glue printing process
The glue printing process uses special chemical gels and dyes that are highly seamlessly mixed. The dye is firmly attached to the fabric through the medium of gel, overcoming the limitations of water slurry printing.
Its characteristic is that it is suitable for printing with various color depths and materials. It can be printed on cotton, linen, viscose, polyester, nylon, polypropylene, chlorine and blended fabrics of various fibers. It can also be printed on leather, artificial leather and other materials. Printing, it can be used for fluorescent printing, inkjet printing, burnout printing, electrostatic flocking printing and other printing processes.
The biggest advantages of the glue printing process are its wide application, beautiful colors and high degree of reduction. However, its printing process is more complicated than the water slurry printing process and the cost is relatively high. Because it has a certain hardness, it is not suitable for large-area field work. pattern.
Foam printing process
Foam printing, also known as three-dimensional printing, is developed on the basis of the glue printing process. Its principle is to add several certain proportions of chemical substances with high expansion coefficients to the glue printing dye, and the printed positions are dried Then use high temperature of 200-300 degrees to foam to achieve a three-dimensional effect similar to "relief".
The biggest advantage is that the three-dimensional effect is very strong, and the printing surface is prominent and expanded. Widely used in cotton, nylon cloth and other materials.
Flocking printing process
The electrostatic flocking printing process is one of the three-dimensional printing processes. The principle is to transfer the high-strength compound resin adhesive brightener to the surface of the substrate using a screen containing the required flower positions, and then charge the fiber fluff through a high-voltage electrostatic field of hundreds of thousands of volts, so that the fluff is vertically and evenly distributed. It quickly "collides" into the adhesive, "spreads" a layer of fluff on the surface of the fabric, and then solidifies it at high temperature.
The advantages of products printed by flocking technology are strong three-dimensional effect, bright colors, soft hand feel, non-shedding and abrasion resistance. Cotton, silk, linen, leather, nylon, various PVC, denim, rubber, sponge, metal, foam, plastic, resin non-proof cloth, etc. can be printed.
Photosensitive color changing printing
Photochromic printing is also called photochromic printing. In the early days, photochromic dyes were used. The structure of the dye changed under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, showing different colors. Microencapsulation technology is now used to encapsulate photochromic dyes in capsules, and their light fastness is greatly improved.
The so-called photosensitive discoloration from one color to another is to mix photochromic dyes and general color paints in the printing paste and then print. For example, if the photochromic dye red and paint blue are mixed and printed, the surface of the fabric will appear blue, and it will turn into blue-purple under ultraviolet light.
Thermal color changing printing
Thermochromic printing is also called thermochromic printing. Early thermochromic printing used thermochromic dyes processed into microcapsules and then printed on fabrics.
At present, thermochromic dyes have developed to 15 basic colors, and each color can be mixed with each other, with a complete spectrum of colors, and can also be mixed with colored paints. Therefore, thermochromic dyes can not only change from colored to colorless, but also When changing from one color to another, the temperature residence time of discoloration becomes more and more sensitive. The original discoloration residence temperature was greater than 10℃, and now it is less than 5℃.
Fluorescent printing process
The fluorescent printing process is a new type of special printing process. The principle is to use a special process to integrate photo-storage self-luminous materials into the fabric, and achieve automatic light-emitting function by absorbing various visible light. Its characteristic is that it can be recycled indefinitely.
In terms of technology, there are: printing technology of fluorescent paint, direct printing of fluorescent paint and ordinary paint, direct printing of fluorescent paint and reactive dyes, ground color discharge printing of reactive dyes, and phthalocyanine resist printing.
Discharge printing process
The discharge printing process refers to the process of using printing method to partially eliminate the original white or colored patterns on dyed fabrics. Its characteristic is that it can print more detailed patterns on background fabrics, with a clear and even effect.
Its advantages are complete color spectrum, simple process, soft hand feel, and good environmental protection. Especially for products that require bright colors, it has good application value and is often used for printing high-end fabrics; however, the process is complicated and printing defects It is difficult to detect in time and the cost is high.
Digital printing process
It is a high-tech product that integrates machinery, computer and electronic information technology and is gradually formed with the continuous development of computer technology. The emergence and continuous improvement of this technology have brought a new concept to the textile printing and dyeing industry. Its advanced production principles and methods have brought an unprecedented development opportunity to textile printing and dyeing.