Quick-drying fabric
The origin of quick-drying:
The so-called quick-drying is actually literally translated from similar words such as QUICK-DRY or DRY-EASY in English, and quick-drying refers to when the fabric of the fabric is compared with the wool or cotton clothing, under the same external conditions. , It is easier to evaporate water and dry faster.
Quick-drying performance:
Some people think that quick-drying clothes are very mysterious, thinking that there are many high-tech ingredients in them. In fact, most of the quick-drying clothes are made of chemical fiber fabrics, but due to the different processing technology, they have all kinds of things that ordinary clothes do not have. The magical effect. The water absorption is not high, the air permeability is good (depending on the material), it has a certain degree of water repellency, and it dries faster than ordinary clothes under the effect of body temperature or wind after being wet.
The principle of quick drying:
For waterproof and breathable quick-drying underwear, from a technical point of view, the main principles are as follows:
1. Use the difference between the smallest diameter of a water drop and the diameter of water or air molecules. We all know a common sense that even the smallest water droplet must have a much larger diameter than water or air molecules. Then, if the pore size between the warp and weft of the fabric is controlled between the smallest diameter of the water droplet and the largest diameter of the water or air molecule, it can be realized that the water droplet cannot enter, and the water and air molecules can flow unimpeded.
Fabrics made by this method are usually called ultra-fine high-density fabrics or ultra-high-density fabrics. This kind of fabric appeared a long time ago. In the previous shopping malls, there was a kind of ordinary-looking fabric with a bag of water on it, but the water could not penetrate into the fabric. It was a high-density fabric. This kind of fabric has the advantages of lightness, durability, good moisture permeability and softness. The disadvantage is that after a period of use, the waterproof performance will be greatly reduced, and because its spinning must undergo special treatment, the manufacturing cost is relatively high, and it has now faded out of the market.
2. Using microporous film. The pore size of the film is between the minimum diameter of water droplets and the maximum diameter of water or air molecules, and then the film is compounded with the outer fabric to give the cloth waterproof and breathable functions. We need to focus on the fabric made in this way. The key to the fabric made by this method is the film with micropores. There may be many ways to produce micropores in the film. The micropores can be produced by biaxial stretching of the film, or the polymer can be added. Fillers make pores between polymer and filler, and laser technology can also be used to create pores in non-porous films.
3. Utilize the interaction of the hydrophilic factors and water repellency of the different components of the inner and outer layers of the fabric to achieve the effect of waterproof and breathable. Due to hydrogen bonds and other intermolecular forces, water molecules adsorb water molecules on the high humidity side, and are transferred to the low humidity side through the process of desorption through the hydrophilic groups on the polymer chain to achieve the purpose of air permeability.
4. Utilize the characteristics of shape memory polymers. The shape memory polymer has a qualitative mutation in the permeability due to the micro-plane movement of the molecular chain. And its air permeability can be adjusted with the change of external temperature and humidity. The use of this shape memory polyurethane to produce waterproof and breathable fabrics can be laminated or coated without pores, which reduces the shortcomings of micropores caused by micropores during use, such as blockage, and more importantly, the moisture permeability of the fabric. The performance can change with the change of human body temperature. Achieve "smart" effect. Make it suitable for wearing under various conditions. For quick-drying underwear that is not waterproof, but can dry quickly when wet, the technical accountant is not so mysterious. After all, they are nothing more than some chemical fiber fabrics. However, the same chemical fiber fabrics have different constituent fibers. Some are acetate viscose and some are blended, but the overall characteristics are roughly the same: not waterproof, but not absorbent, and have good air permeability. Once the body does not sweat continuously or the clothes are wet without external factors, they will dry quickly under the action of body temperature or wind, but the comfort level of wearing may vary depending on the fabric.
Waterproof, waterproof, breathable, breathable, windproof
Water repellent properties of the fabric
It means that the fabric has been specially treated with a water repellent, and the surface of the fabric can make water droplets form round beads, which will not penetrate or diffuse to wet the clothes, and achieve the water repellent function (lotus effect) like a lotus leaf. Water-repellent processing uses this principle to attach a layer of ultra-fine "needle bed" to the surface of the cloth with various chemical materials, so that the tension on the surface of the cloth is less than the cohesive force of water. It's not spread out and soaked. If this layer of needle bed structure is flattened or covered by oil, the water repellency of the fabric will be greatly reduced, and even begin to absorb water.
water proof
Functional treatment to prevent water infiltration. Current waterproof treatments often use waterproof membranes to prevent water molecules from penetrating, but the membrane itself is too fragile, so it depends on the coordination of the surface cloth, membrane, and lining to achieve the waterproof function. The water resistance is expressed by the water pressure resistance value, that is, a fixed area of tarp is used to block the continuously rising water pressure. When the surface sees a third drop of water, it is the water pressure resistance value of the fabric. Usually, it can reach the maximum value if it exceeds 1000mm. Basic waterproof ability.
Breathable
It refers specifically to the function provided by the indirect breathable waterproof film, not to mention the breathability, because it is two different breathability mechanisms, although it can finally let the sweat pass through the fabric to radiate to the outside world. Moisture permeability needs to wait for the sweat to be absorbed by the hydrophilic non-porous membrane to become sweat molecules inside and move to the outside of the film in the manner of micro-Brownian motion, which is affected by the difference in humidity and pressure between the inside and outside of the clothing, and then transforms into gas to be discharged through the surface cloth. So it is called indirect ventilation.
Breathable
In the waterproof and breathable membrane, it specifically refers to the function provided by the water-repellent porous waterproof membrane. Breathing is to allow the gas to directly pass through the gaps of the "water-repellent porous membrane". Because of the faster speed, it is called direct ventilation.
Windproof
As long as the fabric has a certain windproof function, the tighter the fabric, the stronger the windproof ability. The windproof ability of poor air permeability is generally stronger. High-quality fabrics perfectly combine breathability and wind resistance.